Guide you to understand the development of spring processing technology

At present, the processing equipment and production lines for mechanical springs are developing towards the depth and breadth of numerical control (NC) and computer control (CNC). But with the changes in spring materials and geometric shapes, the processing technology has also developed.
1) The suspension spring with variable outer diameter, variable pitch, and variable wire diameter (three variations) has achieved non moldable processing. Since the development of the three variable spring, conical steel bars have been used for winding and processing on CNC lathes, but the yield and price are not ideal. Now it is changed to a heated state and controlled by a spring winding machine to obtain the required cone shape by controlling the roll speed and pulling force, and quenched with processing waste heat.
2) The hollow stable spring rod is made of low-carbon boron steel plate rolled and welded into shape.
3) The torsion bar is made of high-purity 45 steel and undergoes high-frequency quenching to obtain high hardness and significant residual compressive stress on the surface, thereby improving fatigue life and anti relaxation ability.
4) The widely used leaf springs in electronic products are basically formed by stamping and automatic bending processing. At present, the main focus is on developing the bonding technology of composite materials.
(1) Cold forming process of springs
1) One time automation capability for cold forming process. The cold forming machine has currently developed to 12 claws. Steel wires within the range of (0.3-14) mm can be formed in one go using an 8-jaw forming machine. The current development direction of forming process equipment is: ① to improve the forming speed, the main development trend is to improve the forming speed of equipment, that is, production efficiency; ② By improving the precision of equipment components and enhancing the effectiveness of heat treatment, the durability of equipment can be improved; ③ Add length sensors and laser rangefinders to automatically closed-loop control the manufacturing process of CNC forming machines.
2) Cold forming process range capability. At present, the maximum specification of the large-diameter spring winding machine can reach 20mm,=2000MPa, and the winding ratio is 5. The cold forming process of Minic Block springs and eccentric springs with variable or equal diameter materials still has limitations.
(2) Hot forming process of springs
1) Hot forming process speed capability. At present, China only has CNC2 axis hot coil spring machines for forming (9-25) mm specifications, with a maximum speed of 17 pieces per minute. Compared to developed countries, there is a significant gap.
2) Control capability of hot forming process for large springs. Due to the limited availability of CNC2 axis hot spring machine, the shape control has three less directional effects, resulting in poor accuracy; Moreover, there is no automatic rod material rotation control and adjustment mechanism, so the level and capability of hot coil spring forming process are relatively low. Therefore, the accuracy level and surface oxidation decarburization level of the spring are also relatively low.